Abstract

Historically, the main objective in investigating physical mediumship has been to establish the veridicality of the reported phenomena. The phenomena themselves follow fairly well-established patterns: breezes blow, raps rap, furniture moves, unexpected objects appear, and sitters are touched. However, with some mediums, some of the time, we encounter lights, mists, ectoplasm, materialized hands, arms, faces, [...]

At the onset of the Institut Métapsychique International, founded in 1919 in Paris, several physical mediums were tested in the new laboratory. Among those who occupied the public debate were Marthe Béraud (alias Eva C.), Teofil Modrzejewski (alias Franek Kluski), Jan Guzyk, and Rudi Schneider. We can see a progression in the methodological search to [...]

Abstract